Lock mechanism, lock system, quick exchange bracket assembly and electronic vehicle

ABSTRACT

Provided is a lock mechanism, wherein the lock mechanism includes a lock base, the lock base is provided with an opening and a cavity extending from the opening, the opening is used for the lock shaft mounted to the battery pack to enter the cavity, the lock mechanism further includes: a lock assembly, the lock assembly is connected to one side of the lock base opposite the lock shaft, the lock assembly is moveable relative to the lock base, and the side of the lock base opposite the lock shaft extends into the cavity or exits the cavity; wherein, the lock assembly is capable of preventing the lock shaft from exiting the cavity from the opening when the lock assembly extends into the cavity; the lock assembly is capable of allowing the lock shaft to exit the cavity from the opening when the lock assembly exits the cavity.

This application claims priority of Chinese patent applications CN201711486906.9 and CN201711482898.0, filed on Dec. 29, 2017, thecontents of which are incorporated herein by reference in theirentirety.

FIELD OF INVENTION

The present invention relates to the battery replacing field of electricvehicles, and particularly to a lock mechanism, lock system, quickexchange bracket assembly and electronic vehicle.

PRIOR ARTS

The existing battery pack installation methods of electric vehicles aregenerally divided into a fixed type and a replaceable type, wherein thefixed battery pack is generally fixed on the car, and the car isdirectly used as the charging object when charging. While thereplaceable battery pack is generally installed in an active manner, thebattery pack can be removed at any time and replaced with a new batterypack.

In the process of replacing a new battery pack, the locking andunlocking of the battery pack is involved. Generally speaking, the leftand right sides of the battery pack are equipped with lock shafts; lockdevices are fixed on a quick exchange bracket to assemble into a quickexchange bracket assembly, and then the quick exchange bracket assemblyis installed on the chassis of the electric vehicle together; the lockshaft coordinates with the lock device to achieve the locking of thebattery pack.

The lock mechanism used in the existing lock device is usually a primarylock mechanism, the primary lock mechanism includes a lock base and alock bolt, wherein the switching between a locked state and an unlockedstate of the primary lock mechanism is realized by the rotation of thelock bolt in the lock base. Wherein, most or even all structures of thelock bolt need to be located in the lock base, occupying a large space.In addition, the existing lock device lacks a protection mechanism forthe primary lock mechanism, and the primary lock mechanism issusceptible to failure, which can easily cause the battery pack toloosen or fall off.

Content of the Present Invention

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is forovercoming the above-mentioned defects in prior art, hence providing alock mechanism, lock system, quick exchange bracket assembly andelectronic vehicle.

A lock mechanism used for locking and fixing a battery pack, the lockmechanism comprises a lock base, the lock base is provided with anopening and a cavity extending from the opening, the opening is used fora lock shaft mounted on the battery pack to enter the cavity,characterized in that the lock mechanism further comprises:

a lock assembly, the lock assembly is connected to one side of the lockbase opposite to the lock shaft, the lock assembly is moveable relativeto the lock base, and extends into the cavity or exits the cavity fromthe side of the lock base opposite to the lock shaft;

wherein, the lock assembly is capable of preventing the lock shaft fromexiting the cavity from the opening when the lock assembly extends intothe cavity;

the lock assembly is capable of allowing the lock shaft to exit thecavity from the opening when the lock assembly exits the cavity.

In this solution, the lock assembly acts on the lock shaft from the sideof the lock base opposite to the lock shaft, so as to prevent the lockshaft from leaving or allow the lock shaft to leave the cavity, and thelock assembly occupies less space in the lock base, which effectivelyreduces the requirement for the internal space of the lock base.

Preferably, the lock assembly comprises:

a first lower housing, the first lower housing is detachably connectedto one side of the lock base opposite to the lock shaft, inside of thefirst lower housing is provided with a first accommodating cavity, and aside wall of the lower housing is provided with a penetration hole incommunication with the first accommodating cavity;

a lock pin, the lock pin is located in the first accommodating cavity,and the lock pin is inserted through the penetration hole and isswitchable between an extended state and a retracted state to extendinto the cavity or exit the cavity;

wherein, when the lock pin is in the extended state, the lock pinextends into the cavity;

when the lock pin is in the retracted state, the lock pin exits thecavity.

Preferably, the lock assembly further comprises:

a power pin, the power pin acts on the lock pin, and the power pin canmove relative to the lock pin to engage with or detach from the lockpin;

a first electromagnetic induction element, the first electromagneticinduction element is provided on the power pin, the firstelectromagnetic induction element is used for driving the power pin toapply an acting force to the lock pin in a retracting direction of thelock pin under the action of an external electromagnetic device;

a first elastic element, the first elastic element is connected to anend of the lock pin away from the cavity, the first elastic elementabuts between the lock pin and the inner surface of the firstaccommodating cavity, the first elastic element is used to apply anacting force to the lock pin in an extending direction of the lock pin;

wherein, when the first electromagnetic induction element is attractedto an external electromagnetic device, the power pin is detached fromthe lock pin, and applies an acting force to the lock pin in aretracting direction, so that the lock pin is in the retracted state;

when the first electromagnetic induction element is detached from theexternal electromagnetic device, the first elastic element applies anacting force on the lock pin in the extending direction, and the powerpin is engaged with the lock pin so that the lock pin is in the extendedstate.

In this solution, when the first electromagnetic induction element isattracted to the external electromagnetic device, the power pin moves ina direction away from the lock pin, and applies an acting force to thelock pin in the retracting direction, so that the lock pin retracts andsqueezes the first elastic element, when the power pin is completelydetached from the lock pin, the first elastic element provides arestoring force to the lock pin, so that the lock pin returns to theposition for engaging with the power pin. When the first electromagneticinduction element is detached from the external electromagnetic device,the power pin moves toward the lock pin to engage with the lock pin, sothat the lock pin is in the extended state. In addition, in thissolution, the method of magnetic attraction is used to control theengagement and detachment of the power pin and the lock pin, therebycontrolling the extension and retraction of the lock pin, and thecontrol method is simple and the control efficiency is high.

Preferably, the lock pin is provided with:

an executive part;

a connecting part, the connecting part is connected to an end of theexecutive part away from the cavity, the connecting part is providedwith a second accommodating cavity, and the second accommodating cavityis used for accommodating the power pin;

wherein, the first elastic element is connected to an end of theconnecting part away from the executive part, the first elastic elementabuts between the connecting part and the inner surface of the firstaccommodating cavity, the first elastic element applies an acting forceto the connecting part in the extending direction.

In this solution, when the power pin is engaged with the lock pin, anend of the power pin close to the lock pin is engaged in the secondaccommodating cavity, which is an embedded connection and takes up lessspace.

Preferably, a length direction of the connecting part and a heightdirection of the power pin form a first included angle, and the firstincluded angle is greater than 0° and less than or equal to 90°;

the second accommodating cavity extends in the height direction of thepower pin, so that the power pin moves relative to the lock pin in theheight direction of the power pin.

Preferably, the power pin has a head end and a tail end along the heightdirection, the head end of the power pin is embedded in the secondaccommodating cavity, and the first electromagnetic induction element isprovided at the tail end of the power pin;

the inner surface of the second accommodating cavity is provided with afirst inclined part, and the head end of the power pin is provided witha second inclined part matching with the first inclined part;

wherein, when the power pin is engaged with the lock pin, the firstinclined part is attached to the second inclined part;

when the power pin is detached from the lock pin, the second inclinedpart moves downward relative to the first inclined part and applies anacting force in the retracted direction to the lock pin, so that thelock pin is in the retracted state.

In this solution, the coordination of the first inclined part and thesecond inclined part is used cleverly, when the power pin moves awayfrom the lock pin, the first inclined part slides relative to the secondinclined portion, and the friction force applied by the first inclinedpart to the second inclined part can be decomposed into a componentforce in the retracted direction, and under the action of this componentforce, the lock pin retracts.

Preferably, the inner surface of the second accommodating cavity isfurther provided with a recessed part, and the head end of the power pinis provided with a protruding part matching with the recessed part;

preferably, the inner surface of the second accommodating cavity isprovided with two of the first inclined parts, and the two firstinclined parts are oppositely disposed on two sides of the recessedpart.

In this solution, the recessed part is able to play a role in limitingthe power pin, which helps to reliably engage the power pin with thelock pin, thereby helping to achieve a stable extension of the lock pin,and thus helping to achieve reliable locking of the lock shaft.

Preferably, the first electromagnetic induction element is embedded inthe tail end of the power pin. In this solution, the firstelectromagnetic induction element does not occupy additional spaceoutside the power pin, which is beneficial to improve space utilization.In addition, it is also beneficial to protect the first electromagneticinduction element.

Preferably, a second elastic element is sleeved on the tail end of thepower pin, and the second elastic element applies an acting force to thepower pin in a direction close to the connection part;

preferably, the force applied by the second elastic element to the powerpin is greater than the gravity of the power pin.

In this solution, when the power pin is engaged with the lock pin, theforce applied by the second elastic element to the power pin is able toprevent the power pin from falling under the action of the gravity,thereby further improving the reliability of the engagement between thepower pin and the lock pin. When the power pin is required to movetoward the lock pin, the force applied by the second elastic element tothe power pin is able to overcome the gravity of the power pin, so thatthe power pin can move toward the lock pin more reliably.

preferably, the outer surface of the power pin is provided with blockingparts at positions corresponding to both ends of the second elasticelement, and the second elastic element is clamped between the twoblocking parts;

and/or, the second elastic element is a spring.

In this solution, the main function of the blocking part is to positionthe second elastic element, and thereby limiting the movement of thesecond elastic element in the height direction of the power pin.

Preferably, the lock assembly further comprises:

a second lower housing, the second lower housing is connected to thebottom of the first lower housing, the second lower housing is providedwith a third accommodating cavity, the third accommodating cavity is incommunication with the first accommodating cavity, and the power pin islocated in the third accommodating cavity;

wherein, the outer surface of the power pin is provided with a blockingpart at a position corresponding to one end of the second elasticelement, and the second elastic element is clamped between the blockingpart and the second lower housing;

and/or, the second elastic element is a spring.

Preferably, the lock assembly further comprises:

an upper housing, the upper housing is pressing— against and detachablyconnected to the first lower housing. In this solution, the upperhousing can fix and protect the lock pin, the power pin, and the like.

Preferably, the upper housing is provided with a fourth accommodatingcavity, and a first sensor is provided in the fourth accommodatingcavity;

a second electromagnetic induction element is provided on the executivepart;

wherein, the first sensor acts on the second electromagnetic inductionelement to detect that the executive part is in the extended state; asecond sensor is also provided in the fourth accommodating cavity, andthe second sensor acts on the second electromagnetic induction elementto detect that the executive part is in the retracted state;

the second electromagnetic induction element is magnetic steel.

In this solution, the second sensor is closer to the power pin comparedwith the first sensor.

Preferably, the first electromagnetic induction element is magneticsteel.

A lock system used for the battery pack, the lock system comprises aprimary lock mechanism, the primary lock mechanism is provided with alocking linkage part and a lock base, the lock base is provided with anopening and a cavity extending from the opening, the opening is used fora lock shaft mounted on the battery pack to enter the cavity, thelocking linkage part moves relative to the lock base to open or closethe opening to unlock or lock the battery pack, characterized in thatthe lock system further comprises:

a secondary lock mechanism, the secondary lock mechanism is provided ona moving path of the locking linkage part, and is used to restrict themovement of the locking linkage part relative to the lock base to lockthe battery pack.

In this solution, the secondary lock mechanism can limit the movement ofthe locking linkage part relative to the lock base, thereby improvingthe reliability of the primary lock mechanism and reducing or avoidingthe occurrence of the battery pack falling.

Preferably, the locking linkage part comprises a lock bolt and a lockconnecting rod, the lock bolt is connected to the lock connecting rodand able to rotate relative to the locking base, the lock connecting rodis used to drive the lock bolt to rotate to unlock or lock the batterypack under the action of an external force;

the secondary lock mechanism is able to move between a first positionand a second position relative to the lock connecting rod;

wherein, when the secondary lock mechanism is in the first position, thesecondary lock mechanism acts on the lock connecting rod to limit themovement of the lock connecting rod relative to the lock base;

when the secondary lock mechanism is in the second position, thesecondary lock mechanism is disengaged from the lock connecting rod toallow movement of the lock connecting rod relative to the lock base.

In this solution, the action of the secondary lock mechanism on the lockconnecting rod can be achieved by pressing a part of the secondary lockmechanism on the top of the lock connecting rod, or by abutting a partof the secondary lock mechanism against one side of the lock connectingrod.

Preferably, the secondary lock mechanism is provided on one side of thelock base opposite to the lock shaft of the battery pack;

the secondary lock mechanism comprises:

a first lower housing, the first lower housing is detachably connectedto one side of the lock base opposite to the lock shaft, inside of thefirst lower housing is provided with a first accommodating cavity, and aside wall of the lower housing is provided with a penetration hole incommunication with the first accommodating cavity;

a lock pin, the lock pin is located in the first accommodating cavity,and the lock pin is inserted through the penetration hole and isswitchable between an extended state and a retracted state;

wherein, when the lock pin is in the extended state, the lock pin islocated in the first position;

when the lock pin is in the retracted state, the lock pin is located inthe second position.

In this solution, the lock pin switches between the first position andthe second position by controlling the extension and retraction of thelock pin, and the structure of this solution is simple and easy toimplement.

Preferably, the secondary lock assembly further comprises:

a power pin, the power pin acts on the lock pin, and the power pin canmove relative to the lock pin to engage with or detach from the lockpin;

a first electromagnetic induction element, the first electromagneticinduction element is provided on the power pin, the firstelectromagnetic induction element is used for driving the power pin toapply an acting force to the lock pin in a retracting direction of thelock pin under the action of an external electromagnetic device;

a first elastic element, the first elastic element is connected to anend of the lock pin away from the cavity, the first elastic elementabuts between the lock pin and the inner surface of the firstaccommodating cavity, and the first elastic element is used to apply anacting force to the lock pin in an extending direction of the lock pin;

wherein, when the first electromagnetic induction element is attractedto the external electromagnetic device, the power pin is detached fromthe lock pin, and applies an acting force to the lock pin in theretracting direction, so that the lock pin is in the retracted state;

when the first electromagnetic induction element is detached from theexternal electromagnetic device, the first elastic element applies anacting force on the lock pin in the extending direction, and the powerpin is engaged with the lock pin so that the lock pin is in the extendedstate.

Preferably, the secondary lock mechanism is used to press against themiddle of the lock connecting rod.

In this solution, the secondary lock mechanism acting on the middle ofthe lock connecting rod is helpful to improve the stability of the lockconnecting rod and the reliability of the secondary lock mechanismacting on the primary lock mechanism, and thereby helping to improve thelocking reliability of the primary lock mechanism to the battery pack.

Preferably, the primary lock mechanism comprises three of the lockbases, three of the lock bolts are connected to the lock connecting rod,and the three lock bolts and the three lock bases are configured to becorrespondingly one-on-one;

and/or, one side of the lock connecting rod facing the lock base isfurther provided with an unlocking block, the unlocking block is anarc-shaped protrusion formed outward from the lock connecting rod, andthe top of the unlocking block is an inner arc groove recessed towardthe lock connecting rod;

and/or, the lock system comprises a plurality of the secondary lockmechanism, and the plurality of the secondary lock mechanism is used toevenly press against the top of the lock connecting rod.

The present invention also provide a quick exchange bracket assembly,characterized in that it comprises a quick exchange bracket and the locksystem as mentioned above, the lock base and the secondary lockmechanism are respectively connected to opposite sides of the same sideof the quick exchange bracket.

The present invention also provide a quick exchange bracket assembly,characterized in that it comprises a quick exchange bracket and the locksystem as mentioned above, the lock base and the secondary lockmechanism are respectively connected to opposite sides of the same sideof the quick exchange bracket;

the quick exchange bracket is provided with a through hole, and the lockpin switches between the first position and the second position throughthe through hole.

The present invention also provide a quick exchange bracket assemblyused for mounting the battery pack, characterized in that the quickexchange bracket assembly comprises a quick exchange bracket and thelock mechanism as mentioned above, the lock base and the lock assemblyare respectively connected to opposite sides of the same side of thequick exchange bracket, the quick exchange bracket is provided with achannel for the lock assembly to extend or retract.

The present invention also provide an electric vehicle, characterized inthat it comprises a battery pack and the quick exchange bracket assemblyas mentioned above, the battery pack is mounted on the quick exchangebracket, and the lock base is connected to one side of the quickexchange bracket close to the battery pack.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the lock mechanism accordingto embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another position state ofthe lock mechanism according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the lockassembly in the lock mechanism according to embodiment 1 of the presentinvention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the lockassembly in the lock mechanism according to embodiment 1 of the presentinvention, in which the lock pin is in the extended state.

FIG. 5 is an exploded schematic diagram of the lock assembly accordingto embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another cross-sectional structure ofthe lock assembly according to embodiment 1 of the present invention, inwhich the lock pin is in the retracted state.

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a lock pin in the lockingassembly according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a power pin in a lockingassembly according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a partial structural diagram of a replacement bracket assemblyaccording to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a primary lock mechanism inthe lock system according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

Reference signs shared by embodiment 1 and embodiment 2:

101 first lower housing; 1011 first accommodating cavity; 1012penetration hole; 102 lock pin; 1021 executive part; 1022 connectingpart; 1023 second accommodating cavity; 1024 first inclined part; 1025recessed part; 1026 second electromagnetic induction element; 103 powerpin; 1031 blocking part; 1032 second inclined part; 104 firstelectromagnetic induction element; 105 first elastic element; 106 secondelastic element; 107 second lower housing; 1071 third accommodatingcavity; 108 upper housing; 1081 fourth accommodating cavity; 1082 firstsensor; 1083 second sensor

Embodiment 1

10 lock assembly; 20 lock shaft; 30 lock base; 40 connecting plate

Embodiment 2

10 secondary lock mechanism; 20 primary lock mechanism; 201 lockinglinkage part; 2011 lock bolt; 2012 lock connecting rod; 202 lock base;203 unlocking block; 30 quick exchange bracket; 301 through hole

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

The following embodiments further illustrate the present invention, butthe present invention is not limited by the following embodimentsthereto.

Embodiment 1

The embodiment discloses a lock mechanism for locking and fixing thebattery pack. As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the lock mechanismcomprises a lock base 30, the lock base 30 is provided with an openingand a cavity extending from the opening, the opening is used for a lockshaft 20 mounted on the battery pack to enter the cavity, the lockmechanism further comprises a lock assembly 10, the lock assembly 10 isconnected to one side of the lock base 30 opposite to the lock shaft 20,the lock assembly 10 is moveable relative to the lock base 30, andextends into the cavity or exits the cavity from the side of the lockbase 30 opposite to the lock shaft 20. Wherein, the lock assembly 10 iscapable of preventing the lock shaft 20 from exiting the cavity from theopening when the lock assembly 10 extends into the cavity; the lockassembly 10 is capable of allowing the lock shaft 20 to exit the cavityfrom the opening when the lock assembly 10 exits the cavity.

In this embodiment, the lock assembly 10 acts on the lock shaft 20 fromthe side of the lock base 30 opposite to the lock shaft 20, so as toprevent the lock shaft 20 from leaving or allow the lock shaft 20 toleave the cavity, and the lock assembly 10 occupies less space in thelock base 30, which effectively reduces the requirement for the internalspace of the lock base 30.

It should be noted that the connecting plate 40 is schematically shownin FIGS. 1-2. In this embodiment, the locking assembly 10 is connectedto the lock base 30 through the connecting plate 40. When the lockmechanism is mounted on the quick exchange bracket, the connecting plateis actually the side wall of the quick exchange bracket.

Refer to FIGS. 2-6 to understand, the lock assembly 10 comprises a firstlower housing 101 and a lock pin 102. The first lower housing 101 isdetachably connected to one side of the lock base 30 opposite to thelock shaft 20, the inside of the first lower housing 101 is providedwith a first accommodating cavity 1011, and a side wall of the lowerhousing is provided with a penetration hole 1012 in communication withthe first accommodating cavity 1011. The lock pin 102 is located in thefirst accommodating cavity 1011, and the lock pin 102 is insertedthrough the penetration hole 1012 and is switchable between an extendedstate and a retracted state to extend into the cavity or exit thecavity. Wherein, when the lock pin 102 is in the extended state, thelock pin 102 extends into the cavity; when the lock pin 102 is in theretracted state, the lock pin 102 exits the cavity.

Refer to FIGS. 2-6 to understand, the lock assembly 10 further comprisesa power pin 103, a first electromagnetic induction element 104, and afirst elastic element 105. The power pin 103 acts on the lock pin 102,and the power pin 103 can move relative to the lock pin 102 to engagewith or detach from the lock pin 102. The first electromagneticinduction element 104 is provided on the power pin 103, the firstelectromagnetic induction element 104 is used for driving the power pin103 to apply an acting force to the lock pin 102 in the retractingdirection of the lock pin 102 under the action of an externalelectromagnetic device. The first elastic element 105 is connected to anend of the lock pin 102 away from the cavity, the first elastic element105 abuts between the lock pin 102 and the inner surface of the firstaccommodating cavity 1011, the first elastic element 105 is used toapply an acting force to the lock pin 102 in the extending direction ofthe lock pin. Wherein, when the first electromagnetic induction element104 is attracted to the external electromagnetic device, the power pin103 is detached from the lock pin 102, and applies an acting force tothe lock pin 102 in the retracting direction, so that the lock pin 102is in the retracted state; when the first electromagnetic inductionelement 104 is detached from the external electromagnetic device, thefirst elastic element 105 applies an acting force on the lock pin 102 inthe extending direction, and the power pin 103 is engaged with the lockpin 102 so that the lock pin 102 is in the extended state.

In this embodiment, when the first electromagnetic induction element 104is attracted to the external electromagnetic device, the power pin 103moves in a direction away from the lock pin 102, and applies an actingforce to the lock pin 102 in the retracting direction, so that the lockpin 102 retracts and squeezes the first elastic element 105, when thepower pin 103 is completely detached from the lock pin 102, the firstelastic element 105 provides a restoring force to the lock pin 102, sothat the lock pin 102 returns to the position for engaging with thepower pin 103. When the first electromagnetic induction element 104 isdetached from the external electromagnetic device, the power pin 103moves toward the lock pin 102 to engage with the lock pin 102, so thatthe lock pin 102 is in the extended state. In addition, in thissolution, the method of magnetic attraction is used to control theengagement and detachment of the power pin 103 and the lock pin 102,thereby controlling the extension and retraction of the lock pin 102,and the control method is simple and the control efficiency is high.

Refer to FIGS. 3-7 to understand, the lock pin 102 is provided with anexecutive part 1021 and a connecting part 1022. The connecting part 1022is connected to an end of the executive part 1021 away from the cavity,the connecting part 1022 is provided with a second accommodating cavity1023, and the second accommodating cavity 1023 is used for accommodatingthe power pin 103. Wherein, the first elastic element 105 is connectedto an end of the connecting part 1022 away from the executive part 1021,the first elastic element abuts between the connecting part 1022 and theinner surface of the first accommodating cavity 1011, the first elasticelement 105 applies an acting force to the connecting part 1022 in theextending direction. When the power pin 103 is engaged with the lock pin102, the end of the power pin 103 close to the lock pin 102 is engagedin the second accommodating cavity 1023, which is an embedded connectionand takes up less space.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 3-6, the length direction of theconnecting part 1022 and the height direction of the power pin 103 forma first included angle, and the first included angle is equal to 90°,the second accommodating cavity 1023 extends in the height direction ofthe power pin 103, so that the power pin 103 moves relative to the lockpin 102 in the height direction of the power pin 103.

It should be noted that, in other alternative embodiments, the firstincluded angle may also be set to any angle greater than 0° and lessthan 90°.

Refer to FIGS. 3-6 and 8 to understand, the power pin 103 has a head endand a tail end along the height direction, the head end of the power pin103 is embedded in the second accommodating cavity 1023, and the firstelectromagnetic induction element 104 is provided at the tail end of thepower pin 103. The inner surface of the second accommodating cavity 1023is provided with a first inclined part 1024, the head end of the powerpin 103 is provided with a second inclined part 1032 matching with thefirst inclined part 1024. Wherein, when the power pin 103 is engagedwith the lock pin 102, the first inclined part 1024 is attached to thesecond inclined part 1032; when the power pin 103 is detached from thelock pin 102, the second inclined part 1032 moves downward relative tothe first inclined part 1024 and applies an acting force in theretracted direction to the lock pin 102, so that the lock pin 102 is inthe retracted state.

In this embodiment, the coordination of the first inclined part 1024 andthe second inclined part 1032 is used cleverly, when the power pin 103moves away from the lock pin 102, the first inclined part 1024 slidesrelative to the second inclined portion 1032, and the friction forceapplied by the first inclined part 1024 to the second inclined part 1032can be decomposed into a component force in the retracted direction, andunder the action of the component force, the lock pin 102 retracts.

Refer to FIGS. 5 and 8 to understand, the inner surface of the secondaccommodating cavity 1023 is further provided with a recessed part 1025,and the head end of the power pin 103 is provided with a protruding partmatching with the recessed part 1025. The inner surface of the secondaccommodating cavity 1023 is provided with two of the first inclinedparts 1024, and the two first inclined parts 1024 are oppositelydisposed on two sides of the recessed part 1025.

In this embodiment, the recessed part 1025 is able to play a role inlimiting the power pin 103, which helps to reliably engage the power pin103 with the lock pin 102, thereby helping to achieve a stable extensionof the lock pin 102, and thus helping to achieve reliable locking of thelock shaft 20.

Refer to FIG. 4 to understand, the first electromagnetic inductionelement 104 is embedded in the tail end of the power pin 103. In thisway, the first electromagnetic induction element 104 does not occupyadditional space outside the power pin 103, which is beneficial toimprove space utilization. In addition, it is also beneficial to protectthe first electromagnetic induction element 104.

Continue to understand with reference to FIGS. 3-6, a second elasticelement 106 is sleeved on the tail end of the power pin 103, and thesecond elastic element 106 applies an acting force to the power pin 103in a direction close to the connection part 1022; wherein the forceapplied by the second elastic element 106 on the power pin 103 isgreater than the gravity of the power pin 103. In this embodiment, whenthe power pin 103 is engaged with the lock pin 102, the force applied bythe second elastic element 106 to the power pin 103 is able to preventthe power pin 103 from falling under the action of gravity, therebyfurther improving the reliability of the engagement between the powerpin 103 and the lock pin 102. When the power pin 103 is required to movetoward the lock pin 102, the force applied by the second elastic element106 to the power pin 103 is able to overcome the gravity of the powerpin 103, so that the power pin 103 can move toward the lock pin 102 morereliably.

Continue to understand with reference to FIGS. 2-6, the lock assembly 10further comprises a second lower housing 107, the second lower housing107 is connected to the bottom of the first lower housing 101, thesecond lower housing 107 is provided with a third accommodating cavity1071, the third accommodating cavity 1071 is in communication with thefirst accommodating cavity 1011, and the power pin 103 is located in thethird accommodating cavity 1071. A second included angle is formedbetween the central axis of the second lower housing 107 and the centralaxis of the first lower housing 101, and the second included angle isequal to the first included angle.

In this embodiment, refer to FIGS. 4-6 and 8 to understand, the outerwall surface of the power pin 103 is provided with blocking parts 1031at positions corresponding to both ends of the second elastic element106, and the second elastic element 106 is clamped between the twoblocking parts 1031. That is to say, the second elastic element 106 isintegrally sleeved on the outer wall surface of the power pin 103, andthe second elastic element 106 is a spring. Wherein, the main functionof the blocking part 1031 is to position the second elastic element 106,and thereby limiting the movement of the second elastic element 106 inthe height direction of the power pin 103.

In other alternative embodiments, it is also feasible that a part of thesecond elastic element 106 is sleeved on the outer wall surface of thepower pin 103, and the other part abuts against the second lower housing107, that is, the outer wall surface of the power pin 103 is providedwith a blocking part 1031 at a position corresponding to one end of thesecond elastic element 106, and the second elastic element 106 isclamped between the blocking part 1031 and the second lower housing 107.Specifically, one end of the second elastic element 106 abuts againstthe blocking part of the head end of the power pin 103, the other end ofthe second elastic element 106 abuts against the bottom surface of thesecond lower housing 107 near the tail end of the power pin 103, and atthis time, the second elastic element 106 is in an elastic compressionstate to apply an acting force to the power pin 103 in a direction closeto the locked pin 102.

Continue to understand with reference to FIGS. 2-6, the lock assembly 10further comprises an upper housing 108, the upper housing 108 ispressing against and detachably connected to the first lower housing101. The upper housing can fix and protect the lock pin, the power pin,and the like. The upper housing is provided with a fourth accommodatingcavity 1081, and a first sensor 1082 is provided in the fourthaccommodating cavity 1081; and a second electromagnetic inductionelement 1026 is provided on the executive part 1021. Wherein, the firstsensor 1082 acts on the second electromagnetic induction element 1026 todetect that the executive part 1021 is in the extended state. A secondsensor 1083 is also provided in the fourth accommodating cavity 1081,and the second sensor 1083 acts on the second electromagnetic inductionelement 1026 to detect that the executive part 1021 is in the retractedstate. Wherein, the second sensor 1083 is closer to the power pin 103compared with the first sensor 1082.

In addition, in this embodiment, the first electromagnetic inductionelement 104 and the second electromagnetic induction element 1026 areboth magnetic steels.

This embodiment also provides a quick exchange bracket assembly used formounting the battery pack. The quick exchange bracket assembly comprisesa quick exchange bracket and the lock mechanism as mentioned above, thelock base and the lock assembly are respectively connected to oppositesides of the same side of the quick exchange bracket, and the quickexchange bracket is provided with a channel for the lock assembly toextend or retract.

This embodiment also provides an electric vehicle, which comprises abattery pack and the quick exchange bracket assembly as mentioned above,the battery pack is mounted on the quick exchange bracket, and the lockbase is connected to one side of the quick exchange bracket close to thebattery pack.

In this lock mechanism, the lock assembly acts on the lock shaft fromthe side of the lock base opposite the lock shaft, so as to prevent othe lock shaft from leaving or allow the lock shaft to leave the cavity.The lock assembly occupies less space in the lock base, whicheffectively reduces the requirement for the internal space of the lockbase.

Embodiment 2

This embodiment discloses a lock system and a quick exchange bracketassembly including the same, which are used to unlock and lock a batterypack on an electric vehicle. Wherein, the quick exchange bracketassembly comprises a quick exchange bracket and a lock system, and thequick exchange bracket is mounted on the chassis of the electricvehicle.

Refer to FIGS. 1-2 to understand, the lock system comprises a primarylock mechanism 20 and a secondary lock mechanism 10. Wherein, theprimary lock mechanism 20 is provided with a locking linkage part 201and a lock base 202, the lock base 202 is provided with an opening and acavity extending from the opening, the opening is used for a lock shaft(not shown in the figure) mounted on the battery pack to enter thecavity, the locking linkage part moves relative to the lock base to openor close the opening to unlock or lock the battery pack. The secondarylock mechanism 10 is provided on a moving path of the locking linkagepart 201, and is used to restrict the movement of the locking linkagepart 201 relative to the lock base 202 to lock the battery pack. Thelock base 202 and the secondary lock mechanism are respectivelyconnected to opposite sides of the same side of the quick exchangebracket 30.

In this embodiment, the secondary lock mechanism can limit the movementof the locking linkage part relative to the lock base, thereby improvingthe reliability of the primary lock mechanism and reducing or avoidingthe occurrence of the battery pack falling.

Continue to understand with reference to FIGS. 1-2, the locking linkagepart 201 comprises a lock bolt 2011 and a lock connecting rod 2012, thelock bolt 2011 is connected to the lock connecting rod 2012 and able torotate relative to the locking base 202, the lock connecting rod 2012 isused to drive the lock bolt 2011 to rotate to unlock or lock the batterypack under the action of an external force. The secondary lock mechanism10 is able to move between a first position and a second positionrelative to the lock connecting rod. Wherein, when the secondary lockmechanism 10 is in the first position, the secondary lock mechanism 10acts on the lock connecting rod 2012 to limit the movement of the lockconnecting rod2012 relative to the lock base 202; when the secondarylock mechanism 10 is in the second position, the secondary lockmechanism 10 is disengaged from the lock connecting rod 2012 to allowmovement of the lock connecting rod 2012 relative to the lock base 202.The secondary lock mechanism 10 is disposed on the side of the lock base202 opposite to the lock shaft of the battery pack.

In this embodiment, the action of the secondary lock mechanism on thelock connecting rod can be achieved by pressing a part of the secondarylock mechanism against the top of the lock connecting rod. In otheralternative embodiments, this action can also be achieved by abutting apart of the secondary lock mechanism against the side of the lockconnecting rod.

The structure of the secondary lock mechanism in this embodiment isbasically the same as the structure of the lock assembly in embodiment1, that is, FIGS. 3-8 in embodiment 1 are also applicable to thisembodiment, and are not repeated here. Refer to FIGS. 3-6 in embodiment1 to understand, the secondary lock mechanism 10 comprises a first lowerhousing 101 and a lock pin 102. The first lower housing 101 isdetachably connected to one side of the lock base 30 opposite to thelock shaft, the inside of the first lower housing 101 is provided with afirst accommodating cavity 1011, and a side wall of the lower housing isprovided with a penetration hole 1012 in communication with the firstaccommodating cavity 1011. The lock pin 102 is located in the firstaccommodating cavity 1011, and the lock pin 102 is inserted through thepenetration hole 1012 and is switchable between an extended state and aretracted state. Wherein, when the lock pin 102 is in the extendedstate, the lock pin 102 is located in the first position; when the lockpin 102 is in the retracted state, the lock pin 102 is located in thesecond position. The lock pin switches between the first position andthe second position by controlling the extension and retraction of thelock pin, and the structure of this solution is simple and easy toimplement. In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, the quick exchange bracket30 is provided with a through hole 301, and the lock pin 102 switchesbetween the first position and the second position through the throughhole 301.

Refer to FIGS. 3-6 in embodiment 1 to understand, the secondary lockmechanism 10 further comprises a power pin 103, a first electromagneticinduction element 104 and a first elastic element 105. The power pin 103acts on the lock pin 102, and the power pin 103 can move relative to thelock pin 102 to engage with or detach from the lock pin 102. The firstelectromagnetic induction element 104 is provided on the power pin 103,the first electromagnetic induction element 104 drives the power pin 103to apply an acting force to the lock pin 102 in the retracting directionof the lock pin 102 under the action of an external electromagneticdevice. The first elastic element 105 is connected to an end of the lockpin 102 away from the cavity, the first elastic element 105 abutsbetween the lock pin 102 and the inner surface of the firstaccommodating cavity 1011, the first elastic element 105 is used toapply an acting force to the lock pin 102 in the extending direction ofthe lock pin 102. Wherein, when the first electromagnetic inductionelement 104 is attracted to the external electromagnetic device, thepower pin 103 is detached from the lock pin 102, and applies an actingforce to the lock pin 102 in the retracting direction, so that the lockpin 102 is in the retracted state; when the first electromagneticinduction element 104 is detached from the external electromagneticdevice, the first elastic element 105 applies an acting force on thelock pin 102 in the extending direction, and the power pin 103 isengaged with the lock pin 102 so that the lock pin 102 is in theextended state.

In this embodiment, when the first electromagnetic induction element 104is attracted to the external electromagnetic device, the power pin 103moves in a direction away from the lock pin 102, and applies an actingforce to the lock pin 102 in the retracting direction, so that the lockpin 102 retracts and squeezes the first elastic element 105, when thepower pin 103 is completely detached from the lock pin 102, the firstelastic element 105 provides a restoring force to the lock pin 102, sothat the lock pin 102 returns to the position for engaging with thepower pin 103. When the first electromagnetic induction element 104 isdetached from the external electromagnetic device, the power pin 103moves toward the lock pin 102 to engage with the lock pin 102, so thatthe lock pin 102 is in the extended state. In addition, in thissolution, the method of magnetic attraction is used to control theengagement and detachment of the power pin 103 and the lock pin 102,thereby controlling the extension and retraction of the lock pin 102,the control method is simple and the control efficiency is high.

Refer to FIGS. 3-7 in embodiment 1 to understand, the lock pin 102 isprovided with an executive part 1021 and a connecting part 1022. Theconnecting part 1022 is connected to an end of the executive part 1021away from the cavity, the connecting part 1022 is provided with a secondaccommodating cavity 1023, and the second accommodating cavity 1023 isused for accommodating the power pin 103. Wherein, the first elasticelement 105 is connected to an end of the connecting part 1022 away fromthe executive part 1021, the first elastic element 105 abuts between theconnecting part 1022 and the inner surface of the first accommodatingcavity 1011, and the first elastic element 105 applies an acting forceto the connecting part 1022 in the extending direction. When the powerpin 103 is engaged with the lock pin 102, the end of the power pin 103close to the lock pin 102 is engaged in the second accommodating cavity1023, which is an embedded connection and takes up less space.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 3-6 of embodiment 1, the lengthdirection of the connecting part 1022 and the height direction of thepower pin 103 form a first included angle, and the first included angleis equal to 90°, the second accommodating cavity 1023 extends in theheight direction of the power pin 103, so that the power pin 103 movesrelative to the lock pin 102 in the height direction of the power pin103.

It should be noted that, in other alternative embodiments, the firstincluded angle may also be set to any angle greater than 0° and lessthan 90°.

Refer to FIGS. 3-6 and 8 in embodiment 1 to understand, the power pin103 has a head end and a tail end along the height direction, the headend of the power pin 103 is embedded in the second accommodating cavity1023, and the first electromagnetic induction element 104 is provided atthe tail end of the power pin 103. The inner surface of the secondaccommodating cavity 1023 is provided with a first inclined part 1024,the head end of the power pin 103 is provided with a second inclinedpart 1032 matching with the first inclined part 1024. Wherein, when thepower pin 103 is engaged with the lock pin 102, the first inclined part1024 is attached to the second inclined part 1032; when the power pin103 is detached from the lock pin 102, the second inclined part 1032moves downward relative to the first inclined part 1024 and applies anacting force in the retracted direction to the lock pin 102, so that thelock pin 102 is in the retracted state.

In this embodiment, the coordination of the first inclined part 1024 andthe second inclined part 1032 is used cleverly, when the power pin 103moves away from the lock pin 102, the first inclined part 1024 slidesrelative to the second inclined portion 1032, and the friction forceapplied by the first inclined part 1024 to the second inclined part 1032can be decomposed into a component force in the retracted direction, andunder the action of the component force, the lock pin 102 retracts.

Refer to FIGS. 5 and 8 in embodiment 1 to understand, the inner surfaceof the second accommodating cavity 1023 is further provided with arecessed part 1025, and the head end of the power pin 103 is providedwith a protruding part matching with the recessed part 1025. The innersurface of the second accommodating cavity 1023 is provided with two ofthe first inclined parts 1024, and the two first inclined parts 1024 areoppositely disposed on two sides of the recessed part 1025.

In this embodiment, the recessed part 1025 is able to play a role inlimiting the power pin 103, which helps to reliably engage the power pin103 with the lock pin 102, thereby helping to achieve a stable extensionof the lock pin 102, and thus helping to achieve reliable locking of thelock shaft 20.

Refer to FIG. 4 in embodiment 1 to understand, the first electromagneticinduction element 104 is embedded in the tail end of the power pin 103.In this way, the first electromagnetic induction element 104 does notoccupy additional space outside the power pin 103, which is beneficialto improve space utilization. In addition, it is also beneficial toprotect the first electromagnetic induction element 104.

Continue to understand with reference to FIGS. 3-6, a second elasticelement 106 is sleeved on the tail end of the power pin 103, and thesecond elastic element 106 applies an acting force to the power pin 103in a direction close to the connection part 1022; wherein the forceapplied by the second elastic element 106 to the power pin 103 isgreater than the gravity of the power pin 103. In this embodiment, whenthe power pin 103 is engaged with the lock pin 102, the force applied bythe second elastic element 106 to the power pin 103 is able to preventthe power pin 103 from falling under the action of the gravity, therebyfurther improving the reliability of the engagement between the powerpin 103 and the lock pin 102. When the power pin 103 is required to movetoward the lock pin 102, the force applied by the second elastic element106 to the power pin 103 is able to overcome the gravity of the powerpin 103, so that the power pin 103 can move toward the lock pin 102 morereliably.

Continue to understand with reference to FIGS. 2-6 in embodiment 1, thesecondary lock mechanism 10 further comprises a second lower housing107, the second lower housing 107 is connected to the bottom of thefirst lower housing 101, the second lower housing 107 is provided with athird accommodating cavity 1071, the third accommodating cavity 1071 isin communication with the first accommodating cavity 1011, and the powerpin 103 is located in the third accommodating cavity 1071. A secondincluded angle is formed between the central axis of the second lowerhousing 107 and the central axis of the first lower housing 101, and thesecond included angle is equal to the first included angle.

In this embodiment, refer to FIGS. 4-6 and 8 to understand, the outerwall surface of the power pin 103 is provided with blocking parts 1031at positions corresponding to both ends of the second elastic element106, and the second elastic element 106 is clamped between the twoblocking parts 1031. That is to say, the second elastic element 106 isintegrally sleeved on the outer wall surface of the power pin 103, andthe second elastic element 106 is a spring. Wherein, the main functionof the blocking part 1031 is to position the second elastic element 106,and thereby limiting the movement of the second elastic element 106 inthe height direction of the power pin 103.

In other alternative embodiments, it is also feasible that a part of thesecond elastic element 106 is sleeved on the outer surface of the powerpin 103, and the other part abuts against the second lower housing 107,that is, the outer wall surface of the power pin 103 is provided with ablocking part 1031 at a position corresponding to one end of the secondelastic element 106, and the second elastic element 106 is clampedbetween the blocking part 1031 and the second lower housing 107.

Continue to understand with reference to FIGS. 2-6, the secondary lockmechanism 10 further comprises an upper housing 108, the upper housing108 is pressing against and detachably connected to the first lowerhousing 101. The upper housing 108 can fix and protect the lock pin, thepower pin, and the like. The upper housing 108 is provided with a fourthaccommodating cavity 1081, and a first sensor 1082 is provided in thefourth accommodating cavity 1081; a second electromagnetic inductionelement 1026 is provided on the executive part 1021. Wherein, the firstsensor 1082 acts on the second electromagnetic induction element 1026 todetect that the executive part 1021 is in the extended state. A secondsensor 1083 is also provided in the fourth accommodating cavity 1081,and the second sensor 1083 acts on the second electromagnetic inductionelement 1026 to detect that the executive part 1021 is in the retractedstate. Wherein, the second sensor 1083 is closer to the power pin 103compared with the first sensor 1082. Through the first sensor 1082, thesecond sensor 2083 and the second electromagnetic induction element1026, it can be reliably detected when the lock pin 102 is in theextended state and the retracted state, which is beneficial to unlockand lock the battery pack by the primary lock mechanism 20. In addition,in this embodiment, the first electromagnetic induction element 104 andthe second electromagnetic induction element 1026 are both magneticsteels.

In this embodiment, the lock system comprises multiple secondary lockmechanisms, and the multiple secondary lock mechanisms are used toevenly press against the top of the lock connecting rod. In addition, inthis embodiment, the secondary lock mechanism adopts the way ofelectromagnetically attracting the power pin to realize the extensionand retraction of the lock pin, and the extension and retraction of thelock pin are in the same straight direction. In other alternativeembodiments, other driving methods (non-electromagnetic driving methods)can be used to achieve the extension and retraction of the lock pin, andthe movement path of the lock pin can also be set as a curve, and othernon-lock pin structures, such as a crank mechanism and a rockermechanism, can also be used to realize the switching between the firstposition and the second position of the secondary lock mechanism.

As to the primary lock mechanism, refer to FIGS. 1-2 to understand, theprimary lock mechanism 20 comprises three lock bases 202, three lockbolts 2011 are connected to the lock connecting rod 201, the three lockbolts 2011 and the three lock bases 202 are configured to becorrespondingly one-on-one One side of the lock connecting rod 201facing the lock base 202 is further provided with an unlocking block203, the unlocking block 203 is an arc-shaped protrusion formed outwardfrom the lock connecting rod 201, and the top of the unlocking block 203is an inner arc groove recessed toward the lock connecting rod 201. Inthis embodiment, the secondary lock mechanism acting on the middle ofthe lock connecting rod is helpful to improve the stability of the lockconnecting rod and the reliability of the secondary lock mechanismacting on the primary lock mechanism, and thereby helping to improve thelocking reliability of the primary lock mechanism to the battery pack.

Although the specific embodiments of the present invention are describedabove, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that this isonly an example, and those skilled in the art can make various changesor modifications to these embodiments without departing from theprinciples and essence of the present invention, but these changes andmodifications fall into the scope of protection of the presentinvention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present inventionis defined by the appended claims.

1. A lock mechanism used for locking and fixing a battery pack, the lockmechanism comprises a lock base, the lock base is provided with anopening and a cavity extending from the opening, the opening is used fora lock shaft mounted on the battery pack to enter the cavity,characterized in that the lock mechanism further comprises: a lockassembly, the lock assembly is connected to one side of the lock baseopposite to the lock shaft, the lock assembly is moveable relative tothe lock base, and extends into the cavity or exits the cavity from theside of the lock base opposite to the lock shaft; wherein, the lockassembly is capable of preventing the lock shaft from exiting the cavityfrom the opening when the lock assembly extends into the cavity; thelock assembly is capable of allowing the lock shaft to exit the cavityfrom the opening when the lock assembly exits the cavity.
 2. The lockmechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the lock assemblycomprises: a first lower housing, the first lower housing is detachablyconnected to one side of the lock base opposite to the lock shaft,inside of the first lower housing is provided with a first accommodatingcavity, and a side wall of the lower housing is provided with apenetration hole in communication with the first accommodating cavity; alock pin, the lock pin is located in the first accommodating cavity, andthe lock pin is inserted through the penetration hole and is switchablebetween an extended state and a retracted state to extend into thecavity or exit the cavity; wherein, when the lock pin is in the extendedstate, the lock pin extends into the cavity; when the lock pin is in theretracted state, the lock pin exits the cavity.
 3. The lock mechanismaccording to claim 2, characterized in that the lock assembly furthercomprises: a power pin, the power pin acts on the lock pin, and thepower pin can move relative to the lock pin to engage with or detachfrom the lock pin; a first electromagnetic induction element, the firstelectromagnetic induction element is provided on the power pin, thefirst electromagnetic induction element is used for driving the powerpin to apply an acting force to the lock pin in a retracting directionof the lock pin under the action of an external electromagnetic device;a first elastic element, the first elastic element is connected to anend of the lock pin away from the cavity, the first elastic elementabuts between the lock pin and the inner surface of the firstaccommodating cavity, the first elastic element is used to apply anacting force to the lock pin in an extending direction of the lock pin;wherein, when the first electromagnetic induction element is attractedto the external electromagnetic device, the power pin is detached fromthe lock pin, and applies an acting force to the lock pin in theretracting direction, so that the lock pin is in the retracted state;when the first electromagnetic induction element is detached from theexternal electromagnetic device, the first elastic element applies anacting force on the lock pin in the extending direction, and the powerpin is engaged with the lock pin so that the lock pin is in the extendedstate; preferably, the lock pin is provided with: an executive part; aconnecting part, the connecting part is connected to an end of theexecutive part away from the cavity, the connecting part is providedwith a second accommodating cavity, and the second accommodating cavityis used for accommodating the power pin; wherein, the first elasticelement is connected to an end of the connecting part away from theexecutive part, the first elastic element abuts between the connectingpart and the inner surface of the first accommodating cavity, the firstelastic element applies an acting force to the connecting part in theextending direction; preferably, the length direction of the connectingpart and the height direction of the power pin form a first includedangle, and the first included angle is greater than 0° and less than orequal to 90°; the second accommodating cavity extends in the heightdirection of the power pin, so that the power pin moves relative to thelock pin in the height direction of the power pin.
 4. The lock mechanismaccording to claim 3, characterized in that the power pin has a head endand a tail end along the height direction, the head end of the power pinis embedded in the second accommodating cavity, and the firstelectromagnetic induction element is provided at the tail end of thepower pin; an inner surface of the second accommodating cavity isprovided with a first inclined part, the head end of the power pin isprovided with a second inclined part matching to the first inclinedpart; wherein, when the power pin is engaged with the lock pin, thefirst inclined part is attached to the second inclined part; when thepower pin is detached from the lock pin, the second inclined part movesdownward relative to the first inclined part and applies an acting forcein the retracted direction to the lock pin, so that the lock pin is inthe retracted state.
 5. The lock mechanism according to claim 4,characterized in that the inner surface of the second accommodatingcavity is further provided with a recessed part, and the head end of thepower pin is provided with a protruding part matching with the recessedpart; preferably, the inner surface of the second accommodating cavityis provided with two of the first inclined parts, and the two firstinclined parts are oppositely disposed on two sides of the recessedpart.
 6. The lock mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in thatthe first electromagnetic induction element is embedded in the tail endof the power pin; and/or, a second elastic element is sleeved on thetail end of the power pin, and the second elastic element applies anacting force to the power pin in a direction close to the connectionpart; preferably, the force applied by the second elastic element to thepower pin is greater than the gravity of the power pin. preferably, theouter surface of the power pin is provided with blocking parts atpositions corresponding to both ends of the second elastic element, andthe second elastic element is clamped between the two blocking parts;and/or, the second elastic element is a spring.
 7. The lock mechanismaccording to claim 6, characterized in that the lock assembly furthercomprises: a second lower housing, the second lower housing is connectedto the bottom of the first lower housing, the second lower housing isprovided with a third accommodating cavity, the third accommodatingcavity is in communication with the first accommodating cavity, and thepower pin is located in the third accommodating cavity; wherein, theouter surface of the power pin is provided with a blocking part at aposition corresponding to one end of the second elastic element, and thesecond elastic element is clamped between the blocking part and thesecond lower housing; and/or, the second elastic element is a spring. 8.The lock mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that the lockassembly further comprises: an upper housing, the upper housing ispressing against and detachably connected to the first lower housing;preferably, the upper housing is provided with a fourth accommodatingcavity, and a first sensor is provided in the fourth accommodatingcavity; a second electromagnetic induction element is provided on theexecutive part; wherein, the first sensor acts on the secondelectromagnetic induction element to detect that the executive part isin the extended state; a second sensor is also provided in the fourthaccommodating cavity, and the second sensor acts on the secondelectromagnetic induction element to detect that the executive part isin the retracted state; the second electromagnetic induction element ismagnetic steel.
 9. The lock mechanism according to claim 3,characterized in that the first electromagnetic induction element ismagnetic steel.
 10. A lock system used for the battery pack, the locksystem comprises a primary lock mechanism, the primary lock mechanism isprovided with a locking linkage part and a lock base, the lock base isprovided with an opening and a cavity extending from the opening, theopening is used for a lock shaft mounted on the battery pack to enterthe cavity, the locking linkage part moves relative to the lock base toopen or close the opening to unlock or lock the battery pack,characterized in that the lock system further comprises: a secondarylock mechanism, the secondary lock mechanism is provided on a movingpath of the locking linkage part, and is used to restrict the movementof the locking linkage part relative to the lock base to lock thebattery pack.
 11. The lock system according to claim 10, characterizedin that the locking linkage part comprises a lock bolt and a lockconnecting rod, the lock bolt is connected to the lock connecting rodand able to rotate relative to the locking base, the lock connecting rodis used to drive the lock bolt to rotate to unlock or lock the batterypack under the action of external force; the secondary lock mechanism isable to move between a first position and a second position relative tothe lock connecting rod; wherein, when the secondary lock mechanism isin the first position, the secondary lock mechanism acts on the lockconnecting rod to limit the movement of the lock connecting rod relativeto the lock base; when the secondary lock mechanism is in the secondposition, the secondary lock mechanism is disengaged from the lockconnecting rod to allow movement of the lock connecting rod relative tothe lock base.
 12. The lock system according to claim 11, characterizedin that the secondary lock mechanism is provided on one side of the lockbase opposite to the lock shaft of the battery pack; the secondary lockmechanism comprises: a first lower housing, the first lower housing isdetachably connected to one side of the lock base opposite to the lockshaft, inside of the first lower housing is provided with a firstaccommodating cavity, and a side wall of the lower housing is providedwith a penetration hole in communication with the first accommodatingcavity; a lock pin, the lock pin is located in the first accommodatingcavity, and the lock pin is inserted through the penetration hole and isswitchable between an extended state and a retracted state; wherein,when the lock pin is in the extended state, the lock pin is located inthe first position; when the lock pin is in the retracted state, thelock pin is located in the second position; preferably, the secondarylock assembly further comprises: a power pin, the power pin acts on thelock pin, and the power pin can move relative to the lock pin to engagewith or detach from the lock pin; a first electromagnetic inductionelement, the first electromagnetic induction element is provided on thepower pin, the first electromagnetic induction element is used fordriving the power pin to apply an acting force to the lock pin in theretracting direction of the lock pin under the action of an externalelectromagnetic device; a first elastic element, the first elasticelement is connected to an end of the lock pin away from the cavity, thefirst elastic element abuts between the lock pin and the inner surfaceof the first accommodating cavity, the first elastic element is used toapply an acting force to the lock pin in an extending direction of thelock pin; wherein, when the first electromagnetic induction element isattracted to the external electromagnetic device, the power pin isdetached from the lock pin, and applies an acting force to the lock pinin a retracting direction, so that the lock pin is in the retractedstate; when the first electromagnetic induction element is detached fromthe external electromagnetic device, the first elastic element appliesan acting force on the lock pin in the extending direction, and thepower pin is engaged with the lock pin so that the lock pin is in theextended state.
 13. The lock system according to claim 12, characterizedin that the lock pin is provided with: an executive part, the executivepart is used for acting on the top of the lock connecting rod; aconnecting part, the connecting part is connected to an end of theexecutive part away from the cavity, the connecting part is providedwith a second accommodating cavity, and the second accommodating cavityis used for accommodating the power pin; wherein, the first elasticelement is connected to an end of the connecting part away from theexecutive part, the first elastic element abuts between the connectingpart and the inner surface of the first accommodating cavity, the firstelastic element applies an acting force to the connecting part in theextending direction; preferably, the power pin has a head end and a tailend along the height direction, the head end of the power pin isembedded in the second accommodating cavity, and the firstelectromagnetic induction element is provided at the tail end of thepower pin; the inner surface of the second accommodating cavity isprovided with a first inclined part, the head end of the power pin isprovided with a second inclined part matching with the first inclinedpart; wherein, when the power pin is engaged with the lock pin, thefirst inclined part is attached to the second inclined part; when thepower pin is detached from the lock pin, the second inclined part movesdownward relative to the first inclined part and applies an acting forcein the retracted direction to the lock pin, so that the lock pin is inthe retracted state.
 14. The lock system according to claim 13,characterized in that a second elastic element is sleeved on the tailend of the power pin, and the second elastic element applies an actingforce to the power pin in a direction close to the connection part;preferably, the force applied by the second elastic element to the powerpin is greater than the gravity of the power pin.
 15. The lock systemaccording to claim 13, characterized in that the secondary lockmechanism further comprises an upper housing, the upper housing ispressing against and detachably connected to the first lower housing;the upper housing is provided with a fourth accommodating cavity, and afirst sensor is provided in the fourth accommodating cavity; a secondelectromagnetic induction element is provided on the executive part;wherein, the first sensor acts on the second electromagnetic inductionelement to detect that the executive part is in the extended state;preferably, a second sensor is also provided in the fourth accommodatingcavity, and the second sensor acts on the second electromagneticinduction element to detect that the executive part is in the retractedstate; preferably, the second electromagnetic induction element ismagnetic steel.
 16. The lock system according to claim 11, characterizedin that the secondary lock mechanism is used to press against the middleof the lock connecting rod; and/or, the primary lock mechanism comprisesthree of the lock bases, three of the lock bolts are connected to thelock connecting rod, the three of the lock bolts and the three of thelock bases are configured to be correspondingly one-on-one; and/or, oneside of the lock connecting rod facing the lock base is further providedwith an unlocking block, the unlocking block is an arc-shaped protrusionformed outward from the lock connecting rod, the top of the unlockingblock is an inner arc groove recessed toward the lock connecting rod;and/or, the lock system comprises a plurality of the secondary lockmechanism, and the plurality of the secondary lock mechanism is used forevenly pressing against the top of the lock connecting rod.
 17. A quickexchange bracket assembly, characterized in that it comprises a quickexchange bracket and the lock system according to claim 10, the lockbase and the secondary lock mechanism are respectively connected toopposite sides of the same side of the quick exchange bracket.
 18. Aquick exchange bracket assembly, characterized in that it comprises aquick exchange bracket and the lock system according to claim 12, thelock base and the secondary lock mechanism are respectively connected toopposite sides of the same side of the quick exchange bracket; the quickexchange bracket is provided with a through hole and the lock pinswitches between the first position and the second position through thethrough hole.
 19. A quick exchange bracket assembly used for mountingthe battery pack, characterized in that the quick exchange bracketassembly comprises a quick exchange bracket and the lock mechanismaccording to claim 1, the lock base and the lock assembly arerespectively connected to opposite sides of the same side of the quickexchange bracket, and the quick exchange bracket is provided with achannel for the lock assembly to extend or retract.
 20. An electricvehicle, characterized in that it comprises a battery pack and the quickexchange bracket assembly according to claim 19, the battery pack ismounted on the quick exchange bracket, and the lock base is connected toone side of the quick exchange bracket close to the battery pack.